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paddle.fluid / dygraph / ReduceLROnPlateau
ReduceLROnPlateau¶
注意:该API仅支持【动态图】模式
-
class
paddle.callbacks.
ReduceLROnPlateau
( learning_rate, mode='min', decay_rate=0.1, patience=10, verbose=False, threshold=1e-4, threshold_mode='rel', cooldown=0, min_lr=0, eps=1e-8, dtype='float32' ) [源代码] ¶
该API为 loss
自适应的学习率衰减策略。默认情况下,当 loss
停止下降时,降低学习率(如果将 mode
设置为 'max' ,此时判断逻辑相反, loss
停止上升时降低学习率)。其思想是:一旦模型表现不再提升,将学习率降低2-10倍对模型的训练往往有益。
loss
是传入到该类方法 step
中的参数,其必须是shape为[1]的1-D Tensor。 如果 loss
停止下降(mode
为 min 时)超过 patience
个epoch,学习率将会减小为 learning_rate * decay_rate 。
此外,每降低一次学习率后,将会进入一个时长为 cooldown
个epoch的冷静期,在冷静期内,将不会监控 loss
的变化情况,也不会衰减。 在冷静期之后,会继续监控 loss
的上升或下降。
- 参数:
-
learning_rate (Variable|float|int) - 初始学习率。其类型可以是Python的float类型,如果输入int类型则会被转为float类型。其也可以是shape为[1]的 1-D Tensor,且相应数据类型必须为 "float32" 或 "float64" 。
mode (str,可选) - 'min' 和 'max' 之一。通常情况下,为 'min' ,此时当
loss
停止下降时学习率将减小。默认:'min' 。 (注意:仅在特殊用法时,可以将其设置为 'max' ,此时判断逻辑相反,loss
停止上升学习率才减小)decay_rate (float,可选) - 学习率衰减的比例。new_lr = origin_lr * decay_rate ,它是值小于1.0的float型数字,默认: 0.1。
patience (int,可选) - 当
loss
连续patience
个epoch没有下降(mode: 'min')或上升(mode: 'max')时,学习率才会减小。默认:10。verbose (bool,可选) - 如果为
True
, 会在每次更新optimizer中的learning_rate时,打印信息。默认:False
。threshold (float,可选) -
threshold
和threshold_mode
两个参数将会决定loss
最小变化的阈值。小于该阈值的变化 将会被忽视。默认:1e-4。threshold_mode (str,可选) - 'rel' 和 'abs' 之一。在 'rel' 模式下,
loss
最小变化的阈值是 last_loss * threshold , 其中last_loss
是loss
在上个epoch的值。在 'abs' 模式下,loss
最小变化的阈值是 threshold 。 默认:'rel'。cooldown (int,可选) - 在学习速率每次减小之后,会进入时长为
cooldown
个epoch的冷静期。默认:0。min_lr (float,可选) - 最小的学习率。减小后的学习率最低下界限。默认:0。
eps (float,可选) - 如果新旧学习率间的差异小于
eps
,则不会更新。默认值:1e-8。dtype (str,可选) – 学习率值的数据类型,可以为"float32", "float64"。默认:"float32"。
返回: loss
自适应的学习率
返回类型:Variable
代码示例:
import paddle.fluid as fluid import numpy as np with fluid.dygraph.guard(): x = np.random.uniform(-1, 1, [10, 10]).astype("float32") linear = fluid.dygraph.Linear(10, 10) input = fluid.dygraph.to_variable(x) adam = fluid.optimizer.Adam( learning_rate = fluid.dygraph.ReduceLROnPlateau( learning_rate = 1.0, decay_rate = 0.5, patience = 5, verbose = True, cooldown = 3), parameter_list = linear.parameters()) for epoch in range(10): total_loss = 0 for bath_id in range(5): out = linear(input) loss = fluid.layers.reduce_mean(out) total_loss += loss adam.minimize(loss) avg_loss = total_loss/5 # 根据传入total_loss,调整学习率 reduce_lr.step(avg_loss) lr = adam.current_step_lr() print("current avg_loss is %s, current lr is %s" % (avg_loss.numpy()[0], lr))
-
step
( loss ) ¶
需要在每个epoch调用该方法,其根据传入的 loss
调整optimizer中的学习率,调整后的学习率将会在下一次调用 optimizer.minimize
时生效。
- 参数:
-
loss (Variable) - 类型:Variable,shape为[1]的1-D Tensor。将被用来判断是否需要降低学习率。如果
loss
连续patience
个epochs没有下降, 将会降低学习率。
- 返回:
-
无
代码示例:
参照其类中的说明。
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