PaddlePaddle
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paddle.nn / Conv2D
Conv2D¶
-
class
paddle.nn.
Conv2D
( in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size, stride=1, padding=0, dilation=1, groups=1, padding_mode='zeros', weight_attr=None, bias_attr=None, data_format='NCHW' ) [源代码] ¶
二维卷积层
该OP是二维卷积层(convolution2d layer),根据输入、卷积核、步长(stride)、填充(padding)、空洞大小(dilations)一组参数计算输出特征层大小。输入和输出是NCHW或NHWC格式,其中N是批尺寸,C是通道数,H是特征高度,W是特征宽度。卷积核是MCHW格式,M是输出图像通道数,C是输入图像通道数,H是卷积核高度,W是卷积核宽度。如果组数(groups)大于1,C等于输入图像通道数除以组数的结果。详情请参考UFLDL's : 卷积 。如果bias_attr不为False,卷积计算会添加偏置项。
对每个输入X,有等式:
- 其中:
-
\(X\) :输入值,NCHW或NHWC格式的4-D Tensor
\(W\) :卷积核值,MCHW格式的4-D Tensor
\(*\) :卷积操作
\(b\) :偏置值,2-D Tensor,形状为
[M,1]
\(\sigma\) :激活函数
\(Out\) :输出值,NCHW或NHWC格式的4-D Tensor, 和
X
的形状可能不同
- 参数:
-
in_channels (int) - 输入图像的通道数。
out_channels (int) - 由卷积操作产生的输出的通道数。
kernel_size (int|list|tuple) - 卷积核大小。可以为单个整数或包含两个整数的元组或列表,分别表示卷积核的高和宽。如果为单个整数,表示卷积核的高和宽都等于该整数。
stride (int|list|tuple,可选) - 步长大小。可以为单个整数或包含两个整数的元组或列表,分别表示卷积沿着高和宽的步长。如果为单个整数,表示沿着高和宽的步长都等于该整数。默认值:1。
padding (int|list|tuple|str,可选) - 填充大小。如果它是一个字符串,可以是"VALID"或者"SAME",表示填充算法,计算细节可参考上述
padding
= "SAME"或padding
= "VALID" 时的计算公式。如果它是一个元组或列表,它可以有3种格式:(1)包含4个二元组:当data_format
为"NCHW"时为 [[0,0], [0,0], [padding_height_top, padding_height_bottom], [padding_width_left, padding_width_right]],当data_format
为"NHWC"时为[[0,0], [padding_height_top, padding_height_bottom], [padding_width_left, padding_width_right], [0,0]];(2)包含4个整数值:[padding_height_top, padding_height_bottom, padding_width_left, padding_width_right];(3)包含2个整数值:[padding_height, padding_width],此时padding_height_top = padding_height_bottom = padding_height, padding_width_left = padding_width_right = padding_width。若为一个整数,padding_height = padding_width = padding。默认值:0。dilation (int|list|tuple,可选) - 空洞大小。可以为单个整数或包含两个整数的元组或列表,分别表示卷积核中的元素沿着高和宽的空洞。如果为单个整数,表示高和宽的空洞都等于该整数。默认值:1。
groups (int,可选) - 二维卷积层的组数。根据Alex Krizhevsky的深度卷积神经网络(CNN)论文中的成组卷积:当group=n,输入和卷积核分别根据通道数量平均分为n组,第一组卷积核和第一组输入进行卷积计算,第二组卷积核和第二组输入进行卷积计算,……,第n组卷积核和第n组输入进行卷积计算。默认值:1。
padding_mode (str, 可选): 填充模式。 包括
'zeros'
,'reflect'
,'replicate'
或者'circular'
. 默认值:'zeros'
.weight_attr (ParamAttr,可选) - 指定权重参数属性的对象。默认值为None,表示使用默认的权重参数属性。具体用法请参见 ParamAttr 。
bias_attr (ParamAttr|bool,可选)- 指定偏置参数属性的对象。若
bias_attr
为bool类型,只支持为False,表示没有偏置参数。默认值为None,表示使用默认的偏置参数属性。具体用法请参见 ParamAttr 。data_format (str,可选) - 指定输入的数据格式,输出的数据格式将与输入保持一致,可以是"NCHW"和"NHWC"。N是批尺寸,C是通道数,H是特征高度,W是特征宽度。默认值:"NCHW"。
属性¶
-
weight
¶
本层的可学习参数,类型为 Parameter
-
bias
¶
本层的可学习偏置,类型为 Parameter
- 形状:
-
输入: \((N, C_{in}, H_{in}, W_{in})\)
输出: \((N, C_{out}, H_{out}, W_{out})\)
其中:
\[ \begin{align}\begin{aligned}H_{out} = \frac{(H_{in} + 2 * paddings[0] - (dilations[0] * (kernel\_size[0] - 1) + 1))}{strides[0]} + 1\\W_{out} = \frac{(W_{in} + 2 * paddings[1] - (dilations[1] * (kernel\_size[1] - 1) + 1))}{strides[1]} + 1\end{aligned}\end{align} \]如果
padding
= "SAME":\[H_{out} = \frac{(H_{in} + stride[0] - 1)}{stride[0]}\]\[W_{out} = \frac{(W_{in} + stride[1] - 1)}{stride[1]}\]如果
padding
= "VALID":\[ \begin{align}\begin{aligned}H_{out} = \frac{\left ( H_{in} -\left ( dilation[0]*\left ( kernel\_size[0]-1 \right )+1 \right ) \right )}{stride[0]}+1\\W_{out} = \frac{\left ( W_{in} -\left ( dilation[1]*\left ( kernel\_size[1]-1 \right )+1 \right ) \right )}{stride[1]}+1\end{aligned}\end{align} \] - 抛出异常:
-
ValueError
- 如果data_format
既不是"NCHW"也不是"NHWC"。ValueError
- 如果input
的通道数未被明确定义。ValueError
- 如果padding
是字符串,既不是"SAME"也不是"VALID"。ValueError
- 如果padding
含有4个二元组,与批尺寸对应维度的值不为0或者与通道对应维度的值不为0。ShapeError
- 如果输入不是4-D Tensor。ShapeError
- 如果输入和卷积核的维度大小不相同。ShapeError
- 如果输入的维度大小与stride
之差不是2。ShapeError
- 如果输出的通道数不能被groups
整除。
代码示例:
import paddle
import paddle.nn as nn
x_var = paddle.uniform((2, 4, 8, 8), dtype='float32', min=-1., max=1.)
conv = nn.Conv2D(4, 6, (3, 3))
y_var = conv(x_var)
y_np = y_var.numpy()
print(y_np.shape)
# (2, 6, 6, 6)
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