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paddle.static / CompiledProgram
CompiledProgram¶
CompiledProgram根据 build_strategy 的配置将输入的Program或Graph进行转换和优化,例如:计算图中算子融合、计算图执行过程中开启内存/显存优化等,关于build_strategy更多信息。请参阅 fluid.BuildStrategy
。
参数¶
program_or_graph (Graph|Program): 该参数为被执行的Program或Graph。
build_strategy (BuildStrategy): 通过配置build_strategy,对计算图进行转换和优化,例如:计算图中算子融合、计算图执行过程中开启内存/显存优化等。关于build_strategy更多信息,请参阅
fluid.BuildStrategy
。 默认为None。
返回¶
CompiledProgram,初始化后的 CompiledProgram
对象
代码示例¶
import numpy
import paddle
import paddle.static as static
paddle.enable_static()
place = paddle.CUDAPlace(0) # paddle.CPUPlace()
exe = static.Executor(place)
data = static.data(name='X', shape=[None, 1], dtype='float32')
hidden = static.nn.fc(x=data, size=10)
loss = paddle.mean(hidden)
paddle.optimizer.SGD(learning_rate=0.01).minimize(loss)
exe.run(static.default_startup_program())
compiled_prog = static.CompiledProgram(
static.default_main_program())
x = numpy.random.random(size=(10, 1)).astype('float32')
loss_data, = exe.run(compiled_prog,
feed={"X": x},
fetch_list=[loss.name])
-
with_data_parallel
( loss_name=None, build_strategy=None, exec_strategy=None, share_vars_from=None, places=None ) ¶
该接口用于将输入的Program或Graph进行转换,以便通过数据并行模式运行该模型。用户可以通过 build_strategy 和 exec_strategy 设置计算图构建和计算图执行过程中可以进行的一些优化,例如:将梯度聚合的AllReduce操作进行融合、指定计算图运行过程中使用的线程池大小等。
注解
如果在构建CompiledProgram和调用with_data_parallel时都指定了build_strategy,在CompiledProgram中的build_strategy会被复写,因此,如果是数据并行训练,建议在调用with_data_parallel接口时设置build_strategy。
参数¶
loss_name (str) - 该参数为模型最后得到的损失变量的名字,注意:如果是模型训练,必须设置loss_name,否则计算结果可能会有问题。 默认为:None。
build_strategy (BuildStrategy): 通过配置build_strategy,对计算图进行转换和优化,例如:计算图中算子融合、计算图执行过程中开启内存/显存优化等。关于build_strategy更多的信息,请参阅
fluid.BuildStrategy
。 默认为:None。exec_strategy (ExecutionStrategy) - 通过exec_strategy指定执行计算图过程可以调整的选项,例如线程池大小等。 关于exec_strategy更多信息,请参阅
fluid.ExecutionStrategy
。 默认为:None。share_vars_from (CompiledProgram) - 如果设置了share_vars_from,当前的CompiledProgram将与share_vars_from指定的CompiledProgram共享参数值。需要设置该参数的情况:模型训练过程中需要进行模型测试,并且训练和测试都是采用数据并行模式,那么测试对应的CompiledProgram在调用with_data_parallel时,需要将share_vars_from设置为训练对应的CompiledProgram。由于CompiledProgram只有在第一次执行时才会将变量分发到其他设备上,因此share_vars_from指定的CompiledProgram必须在当前CompiledProgram之前运行。默认为:None。
places (list(CUDAPlace)|list(CPUPlace)) - 该参数指定模型运行所在的设备。如果希望在GPU0和GPU1上运行,places为[fluid.CUDAPlace(0), fluid.CUDAPlace(1)];如果希望使用2个CPU运行,places为[fluid.CPUPlace()] * 2。 如果没有设置该参数,即该参数为None,模型执行时,将从环境变量中获取可用的设备:如果使用GPU,模型执行时,从环境变量FLAGS_selected_gpus或CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES中获取当前可用的设备ID;如果使用CPU,模型执行时,从环境变量CPU_NUM中获取当前可利用的CPU个数。例如:export CPU_NUM=4,如果没有设置该环境变量,执行器会在环境变量中添加该变量,并将其值设为1。默认为:None。
返回¶
CompiledProgram,配置之后的 CompiledProgram
对象
注解
如果只是进行多卡测试,不需要设置loss_name以及share_vars_from。
如果程序中既有模型训练又有模型测试,则构建模型测试所对应的CompiledProgram时必须设置share_vars_from,否则模型测试和模型训练所使用的参数是不一致。
代码示例¶
import numpy
import os
import paddle
import paddle.static as static
paddle.enable_static()
use_cuda = True
place = paddle.CUDAPlace(0) if use_cuda else paddle.CPUPlace()
parallel_places = [paddle.CUDAPlace(0), paddle.CUDAPlace(1)] if use_cuda else [paddle.CPUPlace()] * 2
# NOTE: If you use CPU to run the program, you need
# to specify the CPU_NUM, otherwise, paddle will use
# all the number of the logic core as the CPU_NUM,
# in that case, the batch size of the input should be
# greater than CPU_NUM, if not, the process will be
# failed by an exception.
if not use_cuda:
os.environ['CPU_NUM'] = str(2)
exe = static.Executor(place)
data = static.data(name='X', shape=[None, 1], dtype='float32')
hidden = static.nn.fc(x=data, size=10)
loss = paddle.mean(hidden)
test_program = static.default_main_program().clone(for_test=True)
paddle.optimizer.SGD(learning_rate=0.01).minimize(loss)
exe.run(static.default_startup_program())
compiled_train_prog = static.CompiledProgram(
static.default_main_program()).with_data_parallel(
loss_name=loss.name, places=parallel_places)
# NOTE: if not set share_vars_from=compiled_train_prog,
# the parameters used in test process are different with
# the parameters used by train process
compiled_test_prog = static.CompiledProgram(
test_program).with_data_parallel(
share_vars_from=compiled_train_prog,
places=parallel_places)
train_data = numpy.random.random(size=(10, 1)).astype('float32')
loss_data, = exe.run(compiled_train_prog,
feed={"X": train_data},
fetch_list=[loss.name])
test_data = numpy.random.random(size=(10, 1)).astype('float32')
loss_data, = exe.run(compiled_test_prog,
feed={"X": test_data},
fetch_list=[loss.name])
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